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Research suggests ("Diet-induced glial insulin resistance impairs the clearance of neuronal debris in Drosophila brain") a high-sugar diet, commonly associated with obesity, leads to insulin resistance in the brain and may heighten the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.

Using a large population-based sample of nearly 500,000 individuals from the UK Biobank, findings showed that loneliness was associated with risk of incident Parkinson disease (PD) across demographic groups and was independent of depression and other prominent risk factors and genetic risk.

A comprehensive review, employing the PRISMA flowchart, scrutinized 17,099 records, finalizing 175 publications. These encompassed a broad spectrum of dietary factors, from meat and vegetables to beverages and macronutrients. The main contributions hailed from Europe, Asia, and North America.